Jurnal Saintifik (Multi Science Journal)

Association Between Thyroid Dysfunction And Reproductive Hormone Profiles In An Iraqi Population

2026-01-03T07:10:54+00:00

Thyroid dysfunction can disrupt endocrine and metabolic processes, including reproductive hormone regulation, yet population-specific data remain scarce. This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between thyroid dysfunction and reproductive hormone profiles in an Iraqi population. The study involved 210 participants divided into three groups: 70 hyperthyroid patients, 70 hypothyroid patients, and 70 age- and sex-matched healthy controls, including both males and females. Serum levels of TSH, FT3, FT4, testosterone, oestrogen, LH, FSH, and prolactin were assessed using enzyme immunoassay methods.

Distinct thyroid hormone patterns validated group classification. Hypothyroid patients exhibited decreased FT3 and FT4 levels with elevated TSH, whereas hyperthyroid patients showed increased FT3 and FT4 with suppressed TSH. Significant differences were also observed in sex steroid hormones. Testosterone and oestrogen levels were significantly lower in hypothyroid patients compared with hyperthyroid patients and controls. Prolactin concentrations were higher in hypothyroid patients than in hyperthyroid patients, though still lower than in healthy individuals. No significant differences were found in LH and FSH levels across groups.

Additionally, hypothyroid patients had a higher BMI than the other groups. Overall, the findings suggest that thyroid dysfunction, particularly thyrotoxicosis, affects sex steroid hormones and prolactin secretion, while gonadotropin levels remain relatively unchanged, emphasizing the role of thyroid hormones in reproductive endocrinology.

Innovative Technology and Pedagogical Approaches Adoptions in Achieving Sustainable Development: Perspective of Science Educators in Nigeria

2026-01-03T11:11:39+00:00

This study investigated how science educators in Nigerian universities use cutting-edge tools and instructional techniques to promote sustainable development. In Ilorin, Kwara State, 45 science educators from public and private universities participated in a descriptive survey using a 25-item structured questionnaire. The study evaluates the degree of new technology adoption, the kinds of pedagogical strategies used, and the difficulties teachers encounter while using these tactics. The findings suggest that although there is still little institutional support for these projects, there is a moderate level of adoption of technology such as interactive whiteboards and mobile learning apps. Although pedagogical approaches like inquiry-based and project-based learning are frequently used, more uniformity among teachers could still be achieved. The main issues noted are faculty and student resistance to change, a lack of professional development opportunities, and inadequate access to resources. In order to successfully integrate cutting-edge technologies and instructional strategies for sustainability education, the study emphasizes the significance of bolstering institutional support, offering more thorough training programs, and resolving resistance.

The Impact Presence Of The Jelok Tuntang Hydroelectric Power Plant (PLTA) On Community Welfare And Local Ecological Conditions

2026-01-03T10:28:53+00:00

This study aims to evaluate the impact of the Jelok Tuntang Hydroelectric Power Plant (PLTA) on local residents. The use of hydropower through PLTA is an important alternative amidst increasing energy demand and the issue of dependence on fossil fuels, while supporting the provision of clean, stable, and sustainable energy. The Jelok PLTA, which has been operating since 1938 and is administered by PT Indonesia Power, is located in Delik Village, Tuntang District, Semarang Regency. The methods used in this study include field observations, in-depth interviews with residents, and a literature review to gain a comprehensive understanding of its impacts. The results obtained indicate that the presence of the Jelok Tuntang PLTA has made a significant positive contribution to the social, economic, and infrastructure welfare of the local community. These positive impacts include the provision of regular social assistance such as rice and basic necessities, financial support for business development for MSMEs, and job creation in the area. In addition, the hydroelectric power plant also contributes to the provision of clean water through special filtration facilities, lighting for public facilities such as mosques and village roads, and improving the quality of access roads to the hydroelectric power plant. According to information obtained from informants, no significant negative impacts were found. Overall, the Jelok Tuntang hydroelectric power plant has been proven to improve the quality of life of the community, strengthen its role as strategic infrastructure in the village, and demonstrate significant benefits for the community and village government

Strategi Guru Bimbingan Dan Konseling Dalam Pencegahan Dan Penanganan Perundungan Siswa Di Sekolah

2026-01-18T15:38:20+00:00

This study aims to provide an in-depth description of the strategies employed by Guidance and Counseling (GC) teachers in the prevention and management of bullying within the school environment. A descriptive qualitative approach was adopted, utilizing interviews, observations, and documentation as the primary methods of data collection. The findings reveal that GC teachers hold a pivotal role in fostering a safe and supportive school climate through the implementation of both preventive and curative interventions. Preventive measures include counseling outreach activities, anti-bullying campaigns, social–emotional learning initiatives, and collaborative efforts with subject teachers and homeroom teachers. In contrast, the handling of bullying incidents involves comprehensive assessments, individual and group counseling, the application of restorative disciplinary practices, and continuous guidance provided to both victims and perpetrators. The study also identifies several challenges, such as limited parental involvement and insufficient understanding of bullying among certain members of the school community. Overall, the results underscore that the effectiveness of bullying prevention and intervention efforts depends on collective engagement from all stakeholders and the reinforcement of a positive school culture aimed at cultivating empathy, tolerance, and responsibility among students.

Analisa Tebal Perkerasan Jalan Pada Proyek Pembangunan Jalan Banjar Sari Malakoni – Kayu Apuh (Pulau Enggano)

2026-02-08T13:59:56+00:00

This study aims to analyze the planning of strength and thickness of rigid pavement construction on the Banjar Sari Malakoni–Kayu Apuh Road in Enggano Island to ensure compliance with applicable technical standards and to support community traffic needs. The research method uses quantitative analysis based on the 2017 Pavement Design Manual, including flexural strength testing of concrete using the three-point loading method (ASTM C-78), subgrade CBR value analysis, and calculation of projected traffic growth over a 20-year design period. The results show that the road falls into the low traffic load category, with an effective CBR value of 19%, a concrete flexural strength of 3.3 MPa, and a JSKN value of 1.74 × 10⁶. The resulting pavement design applies a 4A type rigid pavement with a concrete slab thickness of 175 mm, a 125 mm aggregate base layer, and required crack distribution reinforcement without the use of dowels and LMC, indicating that the design is suitable to support the road’s technical and operational functions.

SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF TSUNAMI EMERGENCY ASSEMBLY POINTS POINTS

2026-02-18T05:20:27+00:00

Pondok Besi Subdistrict, Bengkulu City, is one of the areas that has a high level of vulnerability to tectonic earthquakes and tsunamis because it is located in the subduction zone where the Indo-Australian and Eurasian Plates meet. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of a tsunami emergency assembly point as part of a spatial-based disaster mitigation system. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach with spatial analysis. Analysis parameters include the distance of the assembly point to the coastline, evacuation travel time based on the road network, and land cover elevation. Data was obtained through field observations, spatial measurements. The results of the analysis showed that the emergency gathering point for the Tsunami disaster was at Sd 04, Pondok Besi subdistrict, Bengkulu City.

KEYWORDS : tsunami, spatial analysis, disaster mitigation

TRENDS IN ACTIVE LEARNING PEDAGOGIES IN BIOLOGY EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC DOCUMENTARY CONTENT ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL RESEARCH EVIDENCE

2026-04-06T16:00:27+00:00

Biology education plays a crucial role in developing scientific literacy, critical thinking, and the ability to understand complex biological systems. In response, active learning pedagogies have increasingly been adopted in biology education to enhance student engagement, improve conceptual mastery, and support deeper learning. The purpose of this study was to examine global trends in active learning pedagogies in biology education through a systematic documentary content analysis of empirical research. Specifically, the study sought to identify dominant active learning strategies, analyse methodological patterns and geographical distribution of studies, examine reported learning outcomes, and map the theoretical frameworks underpinning this body of research. The study employed a systematic documentary content analysis design. The selected studies were analysed using a structured coding framework that combined quantitative frequency analysis with qualitative thematic synthesis. The findings reveal a substantial growth in active learning research in biology education, with inquiry-based learning, problem-based learning, flipped classroom models, cooperative learning, and technology-enhanced instruction emerging as the dominant pedagogical approaches. The analysed studies consistently report improvements in academic achievement, conceptual understanding, student engagement, and learning retention. The analysis also indicates that constructivist, sociocultural, and experiential learning theories form the principal theoretical foundations of these pedagogical approaches. Overall, the study contributes to biology education scholarship by synthesising global empirical evidence on active learning practices, clarifying their theoretical grounding, and providing evidence-based insights that can inform instructional practice, curriculum development, and educational policy aimed at improving biology teaching and learning.